Mu kapangidwe ka zipikisi zamagetsi, transtor otumiza, monga gawo loyambira, amatenga gawo lofunikira.Pakati pawo, kugwiritsa ntchito kwa maziko otsika pang'ono osangopangitsa kuti ntchito ya transistor imangoyambitsa ntchito ya transistor, komanso amatsimikizira kukhazikika ndi kudalirika kwa dera.Nkhaniyi ikufuna kudziwa kwambiri gawo la omasulira a chip Chotsika, ndikuwunika kudzera muzinthu zinayi zazikulu kuti mumvetsetse bwino mfundo zake ndi mapulogalamu ake.
Choyamba, chimodzi mwazinthu zazikulu za zotsutsana ndi zotsutsana ndikutchinga chipwirikiti chifukwa cha kusanja kwakunja ndikutsimikizira kukhazikika kwa transistar ku boma lofooka.Pogwiritsa ntchito ntchito, ngati maziko a tradistor aimitsidwa, ndizotheka kwambiri kusokonezedwa ndi electromagneti.Makamaka chikwangwani chakhazikitsidwa chili m'malo osokoneza bongo, zosokoneza izi zingapangitse kuti transistor iyake mwangozi.Mwa kuyambitsa chotsutsa chotsika, maziko akhoza kulumikizidwa pansi, popewa kusatsimikizika munthawi yayitali.Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri pamene cholinga cha General-Cholinga cha Port (GPO) cha Microcontroller chimalumikizidwa ndi maziko a tradistor.Chifukwa mkati mwa mphamvu yoyamba - pa siteji ya microcontroller, mawonekedwe a doko la GPIO ndi wosakhazikika komanso wokonda phokoso, zomwe zingayambitse kusinthitsa kwa transistor.Mwa kuyambitsa chotsutsa chotsika, magetsi achidule kwambiri amatuluka amatha kukokedwa pansi kudzera muzolinga zotsutsana.
Kachiwiri, pamene transcistor imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati kusintha, kutsitsa kotsika kumathandizira kufupikitsa nthawi yosinthira ndikusintha kuthamanga.Itsitsimu zija zitayimitsa, mlandu womwe udatsalira pakati pa maziko ndipo emitter ikhoza kuyambitsa kuchedwa potseka ndikukhumudwitsa njira yoyankha.Powonjezera chotsutsa pakati pa maziko ndi emitter, zotulutsa zotsalazo zitha kupitilizidwa, potengera nthawi yosinthira, makamaka pamikhalidwe yokonzanso, imeneyi ndi yotsutsa.
Chachitatu, chopondera pansi chimakhala ndi gawo lofunikira pokhazikitsa magetsi am'madzi a transistar.Magetsi olondola ndi omwe amafunikira kuti muwonetsetse kusagaweka popanda zosokoneza.Mu zochitika zina zofunsira, monga chithunzi cha cholowa chili ndi gawo la ma ac, kuwonjezeka kwa kutentha kumapangitsa kuti otolayo achuluke, potero akuwonjezera mphamvu yamagetsi podutsa.Pakadali pano, mphamvu ya voliyumu yokhazikika kudzera mu kukoka kapena kukhazikika kwa madzi otsika-emitterNjira iyi siyingowonetsera mfundo zoyambira zowerengera ndemanga, komanso zimawonetsa gawo lokhala ndi zoponyera pansi popewa chizindikiro.
Pomaliza, ngati tradistor sikuti kulumikizidwa ndi kapangidwe kake kotsika, magetsi oyenera sangakhale osokoneza, omwe angapangitse kuwonongeka kwa siginelo yopingasa ndikuwongolera zamakono, potero kuwononga transistar.Mukamapanga mabwalo amagetsi, tiyenera kupewa kuganizira za mlingo wina wokhala ndi vuto lalikulu, ndipo ayenera kuyang'anitsitsa kuwongolera magetsi ake.Kuphatikiza apo, kugwedeza kotsika kumathanso kuseketsa komweko, kuchepetsa madzi akuluakulu mwachindunji kukhala transistor mwachindunji, ndikuteteza transistar kuwonongeka.Mukamasankha wokakamira, muyenera kuganizira kuti kukana kwake sikuyenera kukhala lalikulu kwambiri, kuti musapangitse maziko aposachedwa kwambiri.Nthawi yomweyo, mukamakonza ma signals othamanga, mutha kulingalira zolumikiza capicator yofanana ndi yolimbana ndi yolimbana ndi magwiridwe antchito othamanga.